Intelligence in circle task. Mismatch in a high-g intelligence task determining the odd one of four displayed circles sets with indication by button press with middle and index fingers of the two hands versus a similar task with lower g. WOEXP: 341. John Duncan; Rüdiger J. Seitz; J. Kolodny; D. Bor; H. Herzog; A. Ahmed; F. N. Newell; H. Emslie. A neural basis for general intelligence. Science 289(5478):457-60, 2000. PMID: 10903207. WOBIB: 110. WOEXT: 340. Modality: PET Measured variable: CBF Tracer: O-15 Butanol Scanner: Scanditronix, PC4096 plus Number of subjects: 13 Asymmetry: 0.71094 (left: -1, right: +1)   x     y     z   Lobar anatomy Functional area WOROI Value 55 28 23 Right lateral frontal       44 35 31 Right lateral frontal       38 6 46 Right lateral frontal       44 14 56 Right lateral frontal       -24 -101 -3 Left occipital       -6 -79 6 Left occipital       24 -99 -2 Right occipital

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+1: 1.00000 Intelligence in circle task. Mismatch in a high-g intelligence task determining the odd one of four displayed circles sets with indication by button press with middle and index fingers of the two hands versus a similar task with lower g. WOEXP: 341.
John Duncan; Rüdiger J. Seitz; J. Kolodny; D. Bor; H. Herzog; A. Ahmed; F. N. Newell; H. Emslie. A neural basis for general intelligence. Science 289(5478):457-60, 2000. PMID: 10903207. WOBIB: 110.

+2: 0.49042 Domain level object naming versus basic level object naming. Silent object naming on the "domain" level into "living" or "manmade" categories from visually presented colored pictures versus basic level object naming. WOEXP: 446.
L. K. Tyler; E. A. Stamatakis; P. Bright; K. Acres; S. Abdallah; J. M. Rodd; H. E. Moss. Processing objects at different levels of specificity. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16(3):351-362, 2004. PMID: 15072671. DOI: 10.1162/089892904322926692. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 145.

+3: 0.47875 Decreases during 100 Hz vibration on left forearm. Decreases during 100 Hz vibration on ventral surface of the left forearm. WOEXP: 365.
R. C. Coghill; J. D. Talbot; A. C. Evans; Ernst Meyer; Albert Gjedde; M. C. Bushnell; G. H. Duncan. Distributed processing of pain and vibration by the human brain. Journal of Neuroscience 14(7):4095-108, 1994. PMID: 8027764. WOBIB: 117.

+4: 0.41000 Spatial intelligence. Mismatch in a high-g intelligence task determining the odd one of four displayed drawings with indication by button press with middle and index fingers of the two hands versus a similar task with lower g. WOEXP: 339.
John Duncan; Rüdiger J. Seitz; J. Kolodny; D. Bor; H. Herzog; A. Ahmed; F. N. Newell; H. Emslie. A neural basis for general intelligence. Science 289(5478):457-60, 2000. PMID: 10903207. WOBIB: 110.

+5: 0.35981 Memory retention. Memory retention of newly encoded visually presented barcodes in 4, 6 or 8 seconds in a delayed non-matching-to-sample task. WOEXP: 432.
Greig I. de Zubicaray; Katie McMahon; Stephen J. Wilson; Santhi Muthiah. Brain activity during the encoding, retention, and retrieval of stimulus representations. Learning & Memory 8(5):243-251, 2001. PMID: 11584070. DOI: 10.1101/lm.40301. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 141.

+6: 0.35480 Neutral face viewing versus sad face viewing. Viewing neutral emotional face and indication with a button press versus viewing sad faces. WOEXP: 309.
Mary L. Phillips; E. T. Bullmore; R. Howard; P. W. Woodruff; I. C. Wright; Steven C. R. Williams; A. Simmons; C. Andrew; M. Brammer; Anthony S. David. Investigation of facial recognition memory and happy and sad facial expression perception: an fMRI study. Psychiatry Research 83(3):127-38, 1998. PMID: 9849722. WOBIB: 98.

+7: 0.35087 Sensorimotor willed action. Willed action assessed with sensorimotor task: random versus repeat. WOEXP: 13.
F. Hyder; E. A. Phelps; C. J. Wiggins; K. S. Labar; A. M. Blamire; R. G. Shulman. "Willed action": a functional MRI study of the human prefrontal cortex during a sensorimotor task. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(13):6989-6994, 1997. PMID: 9192679. WOBIB: 6.

+8: 0.34503 Word rate dependence in silent reading of pseudowords. Word rate dependence in silent reading of visually presented pseudowords. WOEXP: 401.
Andrea Mechelli; Karl J. Friston; Cathy J. Price. The effects of presentation rate during word and pseudoword reading: a comparison of PET and fMRI. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12 Suppl 2():145-156, 2000. PMID: 11506654. DOI: 10.1162/089892900564000. FMRIDCID: 2-2000-11189. WOBIB: 129.

+9: 0.33884 Episodic memory retrieval versus evaluative judgment. Episodic retrieval from visually sentences with a yes/no response using right fingers versus evaluative judgment. WOEXP: 379.
Stefan Zysset; Oswald Huber; Evelyn Ferstl; D. Y. von Cramon. The anterior frontomedian cortex and evaluative judgment: an fMRI study. NeuroImage 15(4):983-91, 2002. PMID: 11906238. DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.1008. WOBIB: 121.

+10: 0.33685 Word rate dependence in silent reading. Word rate dependence in silent reading of visually presented proper words and pseudowords. WOEXP: 399.
Andrea Mechelli; Karl J. Friston; Cathy J. Price. The effects of presentation rate during word and pseudoword reading: a comparison of PET and fMRI. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12 Suppl 2():145-156, 2000. PMID: 11506654. DOI: 10.1162/089892900564000. FMRIDCID: 2-2000-11189. WOBIB: 129.

+11: 0.33112 Low confidence in memory retrieval versus high. Memory retrieval of visual presented words that either were previously seen or new words and with a low confidence of recollection versus retrieval with high confidence. The subjective confidence judgement was made with right fingers button press. WOEXP: 250.
R. N. Henson; Michael D. Rugg; Tim Shallice; R. J. Dolan. Confidence in recognition memory for words: dissociating right prefrontal roles in episodic retrieval. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12(6):913-23, 2000. PMID: 11177413. WOBIB: 80.

+12: 0.32636 Vision. Vision by viewing a Mondrian-like images with a collage of colored or gray squares and rectangles of different shapes versus eyes closed. WOEXP: 428.
Semir Zeki; J. D. Watson; C. J. Lueck; Karl J. Friston; C. Kennard; Richard S. J. Frackowiak. A direct demonstration of functional specialization in human visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience 11(3):641-649, 1991. PMID: 2002358. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 140.

+13: 0.32434 Word rate dependence in silent reading of proper words. Word rate dependence in silent reading of visually presented proper words. WOEXP: 400.
Andrea Mechelli; Karl J. Friston; Cathy J. Price. The effects of presentation rate during word and pseudoword reading: a comparison of PET and fMRI. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12 Suppl 2():145-156, 2000. PMID: 11506654. DOI: 10.1162/089892900564000. FMRIDCID: 2-2000-11189. WOBIB: 129.

+14: 0.30287 Small line patterns. One-back match-to-sample task with small line patterns versus large line patterns. WOEXP: 102.
A. Larsen; C. Bundesen; S. Kyllingsbaek; O. B. Paulson; I. Law. Brain activation during mental transformation of size. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12(5):763-74, 2000. PMID: 11054919. WOBIB: 30.

+15: 0.30006 Holistic integration. Holistic integration of visual elements to perceptual wholes (single objects). WOEXP: 14.
Christian Gerlach; C. T. Aaside; G. W. Humphreys; Anders Gade; O. B. Paulson; I. Law. Brain activity related to integrative processes in visual object recognition: bottom-up integration and the modulatory influence of stored knowledge. Neuropsychologia 40(8):1254-67, 2002. PMID: 11931928. WOBIB: 7.

+16: 0.29420 Increased benzodiazepine receptor binding in panic disorder. Increased benzodiazepine receptor binding in panic disorder in panic disorder patients versus normal control subjects. WOEXP: 390.
J. D. Bremner; R. B. Innis; T. White; M. Fujita; D. Silbersweig; A. W. Goddard; L. Staib; E. Stern; A. Cappiello; S. Woods; R. Baldwin; D. S. Charney. SPECT [I-123]iomazenil measurement of the benzodiazepine receptor in panic disorder. Biological Psychiatry 47(2):96-106, 2000. PMID: 10664825. WOBIB: 126.

+17: 0.28867 Fentanyl during heat and warm stimulus on left arm. Fentanyl administration during 40 degrees Celsius warmth or 47-48 degrees hot pain on the volar forearm versus placebo with stimulus. WOEXP: 316.
L. J. Adler; F. E. Gyulai; D. J. Diehl; M. A. Mintun; P. M. Winter; L. L. Firestone. Regional brain activity changes associated with fentanyl analgesia elucidated by positron emission tomography. Anesthesia & Analgesia 84(1):120-126, 1997. PMID: 8989012. WOBIB: 101.

+18: 0.28789 Pseudoword syllable counting versus semantic judgment via case judgment. Syllable counting of visually presented pseudowords and button press with right hand versus decision whether a visually presented word is abstract or concrete with case judgment as double subtraction. WOEXP: 561.
Russell A. Poldrack; Anthony D. Wagner; Matthew W. Prull; John E. Desmond; Gary H. Glover; John D. E. Gabrieli. Functional Specialization for Sematic and Phonological Processing in the Left Inferior Prefrontal Cortex. NeuroImage 10(1):15-35, 1999. PMID: 10385578. DOI: 10.10061/nimg.1999.0441. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 178.

+19: 0.26960 Visuospatial 2-back, Boston site. Viewing of dots in one of four displayed boxes with button pressing for indicating where the dot occured two trials back versus pressing buttons in zero-back. WOEXP: 352.
B. J. Casey; Jonathan D. Cohen; K. O'Craven; Richard J. Davidson; W. Irwin; C. A. Nelson; D. C. Noll; X. Hu; M. J. Lowe; B. R. Rosen; C. L. Truwitt; P. A. Turski. Reproducibility of fMRI results across four institutions using a spatial working memory task. NeuroImage 8(3):249-261, 1998. PMID: 9758739. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 116.

+20: 0.26379 Visual exploration versus saccades. Visual search exploration versus saccade eye movement. WOEXP: 6.
Darren R. Gitelman; Todd B. Parrish; Karl J. Friston; M-Marsel Mesulam. Functional anatomy of visual search: regional segregations within the frontal eye fields and effective connectivity of the superior colliculus. NeuroImage 15(4):970-82, 2002. PMID: 11906237. DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.1006. WOBIB: 3.

+21: 0.25878 Regions correlating with superior colliculus activity. Regions correlating with superior colliculus activity under the condition of visual search but not saccadic eye movements. WOEXP: 8.
Darren R. Gitelman; Todd B. Parrish; Karl J. Friston; M-Marsel Mesulam. Functional anatomy of visual search: regional segregations within the frontal eye fields and effective connectivity of the superior colliculus. NeuroImage 15(4):970-82, 2002. PMID: 11906237. DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.1006. WOBIB: 3.

+22: 0.25771 Syllable counting versus case judgment. Counting the number of syllables in a visually presented word versus decision based on the case of the letters in the word. WOEXP: 552.
Russell A. Poldrack; Anthony D. Wagner; Matthew W. Prull; John E. Desmond; Gary H. Glover; John D. E. Gabrieli. Functional Specialization for Sematic and Phonological Processing in the Left Inferior Prefrontal Cortex. NeuroImage 10(1):15-35, 1999. PMID: 10385578. DOI: 10.10061/nimg.1999.0441. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 178.

+23: 0.25200 Musical instruments versus simple tones. Detection of target musical instrument by pressing a button during dichotic presentation with consonant-vowels and musical instruments. WOEXP: 88.
K. Hugdahl; K. Bronnick; S. Kyllingsbaek; I. Law; Anders Gade; Olaf B. Paulson. Brain activation during dichotic presentations of consonant-vowel and musical instrument stimuli: a 15O-PET study. Neuropsychologia 37(4):431-40, 1999. PMID: 10215090. WOBIB: 26.

+24: 0.25176 Observation of meaningless action for recognition versus observation of meaningful action. Observation of hand and arm meaningless action showed on a video for later recognition. WOEXP: 166.
Jean Decety; J. Grezes; N. Costes; Daniela Perani; Marc Jeannerod; E. Procyk; F. Grassi; F. Fazio. Brain activity during observation of actions. Influence of action content and subject's strategy. Brain 120 ( Pt 10):1763-77, 1997. PMID: 9365369. WOBIB: 49.

+25: 0.24977 Dynamic complex visual scene. Passive viewing and hearing of a movie (James Bond, Tomorrow never dies) with changes from color to black and white every 30 seconds and interrupted every 2.5 or 3 minutes with a blank period. Areas with high loadings in an independent component analysis.. WOEXP: 174.
Semir Zeki; R. J. Perry; A. Bartels. The processing of kinetic contours in the brain. Cerebral Cortex 13(2):189-202, 2003. PMID: 12507950. WOBIB: 52.

-1: -0.08858 Unpleasant words. Silent judgement of auditorily presented unpleasant arousing words versus matched neutral words. WOEXP: 132.
Richard J. Maddock; Amy S. Garrett; Michael H. Buonocore. Posterior cingulate cortex activation by emotional words: fMRI evidence from a valence decision task. Human Brain Mapping 18(1):30-41, 2003. PMID: 12454910. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.10075. WOBIB: 39.

-2: -0.08687 Passive versus active, hypothesis generation group. Passive state with simulus versus active states in connection with visual information processing task: same-different discrimination, visual search, spatial attention, language, memory, cross-modal imagery. hypothesis generation group. WOEXP: 530.
Gordon L. Shulman; Julie A. Fiez; Maurizio Corbetta; Randy L. Buckner; Francis M. Miezin; Marcus E. Raichle; Steven E. Petersen. Common Blood Flow Changes across Visual Tasks: II. Decreases in Cerebral Cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9(5):648-663, 1997. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 173.

-3: -0.08262 Visuospatial 0-back, Pittsburgh site. Viewing of dots in one of four displayed boxes with button pressing for indicating where the dot appears versus viewing dots in alternating boxes. WOEXP: 359.
B. J. Casey; Jonathan D. Cohen; K. O'Craven; Richard J. Davidson; W. Irwin; C. A. Nelson; D. C. Noll; X. Hu; M. J. Lowe; B. R. Rosen; C. L. Truwitt; P. A. Turski. Reproducibility of fMRI results across four institutions using a spatial working memory task. NeuroImage 8(3):249-261, 1998. PMID: 9758739. FMRIDCID: . WOBIB: 116.

-4: -0.08196 Rest versus practiced word recall. Resting versus speak load words recalled from a list of 15 words practiced one week before. WOEXP: 272.
Nancy C. Andreasen; D. S. O'Leary; T. Cizadlo; Stephan Arndt; K. Rezai; G. L. Watkins; L. L. Ponto; R. D. Hichwa. II. PET studies of memory: novel versus practiced free recall of word lists. NeuroImage 2(4):296-305, 1995. PMID: 9343614. WOBIB: 85.

-5: -0.08161 Probabilistic reasoning versus deductive. Probabilistic reasoning based on reading three sentence on a screen, two premises and one conclusion, and judging the truth value. WOEXP: 152.
L. M. Parsons; D. Osherson. New Evidence for Distinct Right and Left Brain Systems for Deductive versus Probabilistic Reasoning. Cerebral Cortex 11(10):954-65, 2001. PMID: 11549618. WOBIB: 47.

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